In the Spanish juvenile justice system, primary criminalization has been transformed due to pressure from victims’ movements and growing demands for legal institutions to enforce strong security measures. However, the Spanish system has resisted pressure to promote secondary criminalization. On the one hand, the legal and social operators, by routine or by conviction, continue to work with juvenile delinquents in order to promote positive special prevention while allowing legal modifications to play only a role of legitimating the system. On the other hand, victims almost never have recourse to the legal measures designed to protect them.