“I’m not necessarily recognized without my robe.”

Deciphering the rationale behind actions in their context leads to understanding how micro-events contribute to macro-sociological trends. It is from this perspective that this paper explores how trial judges assume their contribution to the determination of punishment and its consequences. On the one hand, judges tend to deny their own responsibility and, on the other hand, they over-emphasize the personal responsibility of the accused. Comparing the results of four research studies conducted over time and in two legal systems highlights the permanent features and the changes in this dynamic.